linux

インストール

いろいろなインストール方法があるようだが最も原始的なshファイルをダウンロードして実行する方法で行う。

$ cat /etc/lsb-release 
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=20.10
DISTRIB_CODENAME=groovy
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 20.10"
$ mkdir dninst
$ cd dninst
$ wget https://dot.net/v1/dotnet-install.sh
$ chmod +x dotnet-install.sh
$ ./dotnet-install.sh -c Current

$ cat /etc/lsb-release

DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu

DISTRIB_RELEASE=20.10

DISTRIB_CODENAME=groovy

DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 20.10"

$ mkdir dninst

$ cd dninst

$ wget https://dot.net/v1/dotnet-install.sh

$ chmod +x dotnet-install.sh

$ ./dotnet-install.sh -c Current

これで~/.dotnet/にインストールされる。しかしパスが張られないので自分でやる必要がある。

$ export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.dotnet

1	$ export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.dotnet

これで使えるようになった。使えるようになったかテスト。

$ dotnet --info
.NET SDK (global.json を反映):
 Version:   6.0.101
 Commit:    ef49f6213a

ランタイム環境:
 OS Name:     ubuntu
 OS Version:  20.10
 OS Platform: Linux
 RID:         ubuntu.20.10-x64
 Base Path:   /home/ebisu/.dotnet/sdk/6.0.101/

Host (useful for support):
  Version: 6.0.1
  Commit:  3a25a7f1cc

.NET SDKs installed:
  6.0.101 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/sdk]

.NET runtimes installed:
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.1 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.1 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

To install additional .NET runtimes or SDKs:
  https://aka.ms/dotnet-download
$

$ dotnet --info

.NET SDK (global.json を反映):

Version: 6.0.101

Commit: ef49f6213a

ランタイム環境:

OS Name: ubuntu

OS Version: 20.10

OS Platform: Linux

RID: ubuntu.20.10-x64

Base Path: /home/ebisu/.dotnet/sdk/6.0.101/

Host (useful for support):

Version: 6.0.1

Commit: 3a25a7f1cc

.NET SDKs installed:

6.0.101 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/sdk]

.NET runtimes installed:

Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.1 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]

Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.1 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

To install additional .NET runtimes or SDKs:

https://aka.ms/dotnet-download

sdk,runtimeともに6.0.1がインストールされた。sdkは開発ツール、runtimeは実行環境。

コンソールアプリをつくる

$ mkdir -p ~/T/dntest
$ cd ~/T/dntest/
$ dotnet new console
$ ls
Program.cs  dntest.csproj  obj/
$

$ mkdir -p ~/T/dntest

$ cd ~/T/dntest/

$ dotnet new console

$ ls

Program.cs dntest.csproj obj/

つれくた。Program.csはC#のソースファイル、dntest.csprojはプロジェクトファイル。

実行してみる

$ dotnet run
Hello, World!
$

$ dotnet run

Hello, World!

できた

GUIアプリをつくってみる

WindowsではWinFormを使ったGUIアプリをつくれるが、Linuxではつくれない。そこでavaloniaというライブラリを利用してGUIアプリをつくってみる。まずはavaloniaテンプレートをインストールする必要がある。このテンプレートがあると新規アプリがつくれる。

$ mkdir -p ~/T/avatest
$ cd ~/T/avatest/
$ dotnet new avalonia --search 
テンプレートを探しています...
テンプレートソースからの一致: NuGet.org
これらのテンプレートは、入力: 'avalonia' と一致しました

テンプレート名               短い名前                       作成                   言語       パッケージ                               ダウンロード
--------------------  -------------------------  -------------------  -------  ----------------------------------  ------
Avalonia .NET Cor...  avalonia.app               AvaloniaUI           [C#],F#  Avalonia.Templates                     18k
Avalonia .NET Cor...  avalonia.mvvm              AvaloniaUI           [C#],F#  Avalonia.Templates                     18k
Avalonia Cross Pl...  avalonia.xplat             AvaloniaUI           [C#]     Avalonia.Templates                     18k
Avalonia FuncUI App   funcUI.basic               JaggerJo             F#       JaggerJo.Avalonia.FuncUI.Templates      4k
Avalonia FuncUI A...  funcUI.full                JaggerJo             F#       JaggerJo.Avalonia.FuncUI.Templates      4k
Avalonia FuncUI Q...  funcUI.quickstart          JaggerJo             F#       JaggerJo.Avalonia.FuncUI.Templates      4k
Avalonia Resource...  avalonia.resource          AvaloniaUI                    Avalonia.Templates                     18k
Avalonia Styles       avalonia.styles            AvaloniaUI                    Avalonia.Templates                     18k
Avalonia Template...  avalonia.templatedcontrol  AvaloniaUI           [C#]     Avalonia.Templates                     18k
Avalonia UserControl  avalonia.usercontrol       AvaloniaUI           [C#],F#  Avalonia.Templates                     18k
Avalonia Window       avalonia.window            AvaloniaUI           [C#],F#  Avalonia.Templates                     18k
Epoxy.Avalonia MV...  epoxy-avalonia             Kouji Matsui (@k...  [C#],F#  Epoxy.Templates                         3k


テンプレートを使用するには、次のコマンドを実行してパッケージをインストールします。
   dotnet new --install <PACKAGE_ID>
例:
   dotnet new --install Avalonia.Templates
$ 
$ dotnet new --install Avalonia.Templates
$ dotnet new avalonia.app
テンプレート "Avalonia .NET Core App" が正常に作成されました。
$ ls
App.axaml  App.axaml.cs  MainWindow.axaml  MainWindow.axaml.cs  Program.cs  avatest.csproj
$

$ mkdir -p ~/T/avatest

$ cd ~/T/avatest/

$ dotnet new avalonia --search

テンプレートを探しています...

テンプレートソースからの一致: NuGet.org

これらのテンプレートは、入力: 'avalonia' と一致しました

テンプレート名短い名前作成言語パッケージダウンロード

-------------------- ------------------------- ------------------- ------- ---------------------------------- ------

Avalonia .NET Cor... avalonia.app AvaloniaUI [C#],F# Avalonia.Templates 18k

Avalonia .NET Cor... avalonia.mvvm AvaloniaUI [C#],F# Avalonia.Templates 18k

Avalonia Cross Pl... avalonia.xplat AvaloniaUI [C#] Avalonia.Templates 18k

Avalonia FuncUI App funcUI.basic JaggerJo F# JaggerJo.Avalonia.FuncUI.Templates 4k

Avalonia FuncUI A... funcUI.full JaggerJo F# JaggerJo.Avalonia.FuncUI.Templates 4k

Avalonia FuncUI Q... funcUI.quickstart JaggerJo F# JaggerJo.Avalonia.FuncUI.Templates 4k

Avalonia Resource... avalonia.resource AvaloniaUI Avalonia.Templates 18k

Avalonia Styles avalonia.styles AvaloniaUI Avalonia.Templates 18k

Avalonia Template... avalonia.templatedcontrol AvaloniaUI [C#] Avalonia.Templates 18k

Avalonia UserControl avalonia.usercontrol AvaloniaUI [C#],F# Avalonia.Templates 18k

Avalonia Window avalonia.window AvaloniaUI [C#],F# Avalonia.Templates 18k

Epoxy.Avalonia MV... epoxy-avalonia Kouji Matsui (@k... [C#],F# Epoxy.Templates 3k

テンプレートを使用するには、次のコマンドを実行してパッケージをインストールします。

dotnet new --install <PACKAGE_ID>

例:

dotnet new --install Avalonia.Templates

$ dotnet new --install Avalonia.Templates

$ dotnet new avalonia.app

テンプレート "Avalonia .NET Core App" が正常に作成されました。

$ ls

App.axaml App.axaml.cs MainWindow.axaml MainWindow.axaml.cs Program.cs avatest.csproj

つくれた。axamlファイルはウインドウの定義ファイル。

実行してみる

$ dotnet run
It was not possible to find any compatible framework version
The framework 'Microsoft.NETCore.App', version '5.0.0' (x64) was not found.
  - The following frameworks were found:
      6.0.1 at [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

You can resolve the problem by installing the specified framework and/or SDK.

The specified framework can be found at:
  - https://aka.ms/dotnet-core-applaunch?framework=Microsoft.NETCore.App&framework_version=5.0.0&arch=x64&rid=ubuntu.20.10-x64
$

$ dotnet run

It was not possible to find any compatible framework version

The framework 'Microsoft.NETCore.App', version '5.0.0' (x64) was not found.

- The following frameworks were found:

6.0.1 at [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

You can resolve the problem by installing the specified framework and/or SDK.

The specified framework can be found at:

- https://aka.ms/dotnet-core-applaunch?framework=Microsoft.NETCore.App&framework_version=5.0.0&arch=x64&rid=ubuntu.20.10-x64

ランタイムの5.0がないため実行できないようだ。先程確認したように、今は６．０しかインストールされていない。

5.0をインストール

$ cd ~/dninst/
$ ./dotnet-install.sh -c 5.0
$ dotnet --info
.NET SDK (global.json を反映):
 Version:   6.0.101
 Commit:    ef49f6213a

ランタイム環境:
 OS Name:     ubuntu
 OS Version:  20.10
 OS Platform: Linux
 RID:         ubuntu.20.10-x64
 Base Path:   /home/ebisu/.dotnet/sdk/6.0.101/

Host (useful for support):
  Version: 6.0.1
  Commit:  3a25a7f1cc

.NET SDKs installed:
  5.0.210 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/sdk]
  6.0.101 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/sdk]

.NET runtimes installed:
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.13 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.1 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.13 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.1 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

To install additional .NET runtimes or SDKs:
  https://aka.ms/dotnet-download
$

$ cd ~/dninst/

$ ./dotnet-install.sh -c 5.0

$ dotnet --info

.NET SDK (global.json を反映):

Version: 6.0.101

Commit: ef49f6213a

ランタイム環境:

OS Name: ubuntu

OS Version: 20.10

OS Platform: Linux

RID: ubuntu.20.10-x64

Base Path: /home/ebisu/.dotnet/sdk/6.0.101/

Host (useful for support):

Version: 6.0.1

Commit: 3a25a7f1cc

.NET SDKs installed:

5.0.210 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/sdk]

6.0.101 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/sdk]

.NET runtimes installed:

Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.13 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]

Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.1 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]

Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.13 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.1 [/home/ebisu/.dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

To install additional .NET runtimes or SDKs:

https://aka.ms/dotnet-download

SDK、ランタイムとも5.0がインストールできた。

再び実行してみる

$ cd ~/T/avatest/
$ dotnet run
Unhandled exception. System.InvalidOperationException: Default font family name can't be null or empty.
   at Avalonia.Media.FontManager..ctor(IFontManagerImpl platformImpl) in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/FontManager.cs:line 33
   at Avalonia.Media.FontManager.get_Current() in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/FontManager.cs:line 53
   at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextCharacters.TryGetRunProperties(ReadOnlySlice`1 text, Typeface typeface, Typeface defaultTypeface, Int32& count) in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextCharacters.cs:line 129
   at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextCharacters.CreateShapeableRun(ReadOnlySlice`1 text, TextRunProperties defaultProperties) in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextCharacters.cs:line 62
   at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextCharacters.GetShapeableCharacters() in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextCharacters.cs:line 40
   at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextFormatterImpl.FetchTextRuns(ITextSource textSource, Int32 firstTextSourceIndex, TextLineBreak previousLineBreak, TextLineBreak& nextLineBreak) in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextFormatterImpl.cs:line 280
   at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextFormatterImpl.FormatLine(ITextSource textSource, Int32 firstTextSourceIndex, Double paragraphWidth, TextParagraphProperties paragraphProperties, TextLineBreak previousLineBreak) in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextFormatterImpl.cs:line 15
   at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextLayout.UpdateLayout() in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextLayout.cs:line 221
   at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextLayout..ctor(String text, Typeface typeface, Double fontSize, IBrush foreground, TextAlignment textAlignment, TextWrapping textWrapping, TextTrimming textTrimming, TextDecorationCollection textDecorations, Double maxWidth, Double maxHeight, Double lineHeight, Int32 maxLines, IReadOnlyList`1 textStyleOverrides) in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextLayout.cs:line 71
   at Avalonia.Controls.TextBlock.CreateTextLayout(Size constraint, String text) in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/TextBlock.cs:line 475
   at Avalonia.Controls.TextBlock.get_TextLayout() in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/TextBlock.cs:line 166
   at Avalonia.Controls.TextBlock.MeasureOverride(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/TextBlock.cs:line 521
   at Avalonia.Layout.Layoutable.MeasureCore(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/Layoutable.cs:line 559
   at Avalonia.Layout.Layoutable.Measure(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/Layoutable.cs:line 364
   at Avalonia.Layout.LayoutHelper.MeasureChild(ILayoutable control, Size availableSize, Thickness padding) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/LayoutHelper.cs:line 46
   at Avalonia.Layout.LayoutHelper.MeasureChild(ILayoutable control, Size availableSize, Thickness padding, Thickness borderThickness) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/LayoutHelper.cs:line 39
   at Avalonia.Controls.Presenters.ContentPresenter.MeasureOverride(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/Presenters/ContentPresenter.cs:line 366
   at Avalonia.Layout.Layoutable.MeasureCore(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/Layoutable.cs:line 559
   at Avalonia.Layout.Layoutable.Measure(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/Layoutable.cs:line 364
   at Avalonia.Layout.LayoutHelper.MeasureChild(ILayoutable control, Size availableSize, Thickness padding) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/LayoutHelper.cs:line 46
   at Avalonia.Controls.Primitives.VisualLayerManager.MeasureOverride(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/Primitives/VisualLayerManager.cs:line 133
   at Avalonia.Layout.Layoutable.MeasureCore(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/Layoutable.cs:line 559
   at Avalonia.Layout.Layoutable.Measure(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/Layoutable.cs:line 364
   at Avalonia.Layout.Layoutable.MeasureOverride(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/Layoutable.cs:line 625
   at Avalonia.Layout.Layoutable.MeasureCore(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/Layoutable.cs:line 559
   at Avalonia.Layout.Layoutable.Measure(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/Layoutable.cs:line 364
   at Avalonia.Layout.Layoutable.MeasureOverride(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/Layoutable.cs:line 625
   at Avalonia.Controls.Window.MeasureOverride(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/Window.cs:line 888
   at Avalonia.Controls.WindowBase.MeasureCore(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/WindowBase.cs:line 243
   at Avalonia.Layout.Layoutable.Measure(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/Layoutable.cs:line 364
   at Avalonia.Layout.LayoutManager.Measure(ILayoutable control) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/LayoutManager.cs:line 287
   at Avalonia.Layout.LayoutManager.ExecuteInitialLayoutPass() in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/LayoutManager.cs:line 174
   at Avalonia.Controls.Window.ShowCore(Window parent) in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/Window.cs:line 688
   at Avalonia.Controls.Window.Show() in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/Window.cs:line 626
   at Avalonia.Controls.ApplicationLifetimes.ClassicDesktopStyleApplicationLifetime.ShowMainWindow() in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/ApplicationLifetimes/ClassicDesktopStyleApplicationLifetime.cs:line 141
   at Avalonia.Controls.ApplicationLifetimes.ClassicDesktopStyleApplicationLifetime.Start(String[] args) in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/ApplicationLifetimes/ClassicDesktopStyleApplicationLifetime.cs:line 130
   at Avalonia.ClassicDesktopStyleApplicationLifetimeExtensions.StartWithClassicDesktopLifetime[T](T builder, String[] args, ShutdownMode shutdownMode) in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/ApplicationLifetimes/ClassicDesktopStyleApplicationLifetime.cs:line 187
   at avatest.Program.Main(String[] args) in /home/ebisu/T/avatest/Program.cs:line 14
$

$ cd ~/T/avatest/

$ dotnet run

Unhandled exception. System.InvalidOperationException: Default font family name can't be null or empty.

at Avalonia.Media.FontManager..ctor(IFontManagerImpl platformImpl) in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/FontManager.cs:line 33

at Avalonia.Media.FontManager.get_Current() in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/FontManager.cs:line 53

at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextCharacters.TryGetRunProperties(ReadOnlySlice`1 text, Typeface typeface, Typeface defaultTypeface, Int32& count) in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextCharacters.cs:line 129

at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextCharacters.CreateShapeableRun(ReadOnlySlice`1 text, TextRunProperties defaultProperties) in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextCharacters.cs:line 62

at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextCharacters.GetShapeableCharacters() in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextCharacters.cs:line 40

at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextFormatterImpl.FetchTextRuns(ITextSource textSource, Int32 firstTextSourceIndex, TextLineBreak previousLineBreak, TextLineBreak& nextLineBreak) in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextFormatterImpl.cs:line 280

at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextFormatterImpl.FormatLine(ITextSource textSource, Int32 firstTextSourceIndex, Double paragraphWidth, TextParagraphProperties paragraphProperties, TextLineBreak previousLineBreak) in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextFormatterImpl.cs:line 15

at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextLayout.UpdateLayout() in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextLayout.cs:line 221

at Avalonia.Media.TextFormatting.TextLayout..ctor(String text, Typeface typeface, Double fontSize, IBrush foreground, TextAlignment textAlignment, TextWrapping textWrapping, TextTrimming textTrimming, TextDecorationCollection textDecorations, Double maxWidth, Double maxHeight, Double lineHeight, Int32 maxLines, IReadOnlyList`1 textStyleOverrides) in /_/src/Avalonia.Visuals/Media/TextFormatting/TextLayout.cs:line 71

at Avalonia.Controls.TextBlock.CreateTextLayout(Size constraint, String text) in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/TextBlock.cs:line 475

at Avalonia.Controls.TextBlock.get_TextLayout() in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/TextBlock.cs:line 166

at Avalonia.Controls.TextBlock.MeasureOverride(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Controls/TextBlock.cs:line 521

at Avalonia.Layout.Layoutable.MeasureCore(Size availableSize) in /_/src/Avalonia.Layout/Layoutable.cs:line 559